Both biopellets and liquid carbon dosing (vodka, vinegar, NoPoX) feed bacteria that consume nitrate and phosphate. The bacteria are then exported via skimming. The methods differ in safety and predictability.

Biopellets

Solid PHA pellets in a fluidized reactor. Set-and-forget once tuned, but slow to respond to nutrient swings.

Liquid carbon dosing

Daily dose of vodka or vinegar (or proprietary blends). Faster to respond but riskier — overdosing crashes nitrate to zero and triggers dinos.

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